Oil

Oil Filtration In The Process of Oil Extraction

Typically, oil and natural gas are produced together. Oil, also known as crude oil, is a viscous, dark brown (sometimes somewhat green) liquid. It consists of a mixture of hydrocarbons and its main component is alkane. Oil is mainly used as fuel oil and gasoline. In addition, it also serves as a raw material for many chemical products such as fertilizers, pesticides, mineral oil bases for lubricants, and plastics.

Oil exploitation requires a large amount of industrial water that needs to be recirculated through filtration to reduce the waste of resources. Hanke is equipped with a professional technical team to provide you with a complete set of oil filtration solutions, including produced water filtration, injection water filtration and completion fluid filtration.

For details, please refer to:

Oil Filtration Solutions

Oil exploration devices are extracting oils from oil fields.

Produced Water Filtration
Injection Water Filtration
Completion Fluid Filtration

Produced Water Filtration

Background
Produced water is naturally occurring water that comes out of the ground along with oil and gas during extraction. In the process of oil and gas extraction, produced water is discharged locally or used as injection water to increase formation pressure and stimulate oil production.
Problem
As produced water contains large amounts of solid impurities such as iron oxides, iron sulfides, and bitumen, if directly discharged, it will cause pollution to the local environment; if re-injected into the formation, contaminants entering the high-pressure injection stream can lead to the injection well plugging or fracturing, requiring expensive maintenance costs.
Solution
Produced water filtration must effectively remove solid contaminants and maintain the consistency of filtration performance. Total suspended solids (TSS) of the produced water before discharging shall meet local standards to reduce environmental pollution. If being used as injection water, it shall be filtered to a micron level to protect a tight 100 millidarcy formation. Our cartridge filters or bag filters are your great choice for this application.

Produced water filtration flow chart

Produced water treatment system

Injection Water Filtration

Background
A new oil well starts to produce oil from the oil-bearing porous rock formation via the natural reservoir pressure, a phase known as primary production. In this phase, only about 30% of the original oil in a reservoir is recovered. Next, water is typically injected into the oil or gas formation to increase formation pressure and re-establish an oil production drive. Oil produced by this drive is known as secondary production. In this phase, about 60% of the original oil is recovered.
Problem
The produced water originally comes from the formation and is used as injection water to reduce formation damage caused by chemical incompatibility. The produced water needs to be filtered before re-injection. As the volumes of produced water are never sufficient to meet the needs of water required in oil extraction, therefore, seawater and lake water are also used as injection water in actual extraction. Seawater and lake water contain a large number of microorganisms, algae, sand and other impurities, if being injected directly, it will cause injection well plugging and equipment wear, therefore filtration is always required before use.
Solution
As seawater contains a variety of impurities, you may choose automatic backwash filters for pre-filtration and then use cartridge filters or bag filters with a filter rating of 5 μm are recommended for fine filtration.

Injection water filtration flow chart

Cartridge filter in pipeline system is working for filtration.

Injection water filtration

Completion Fluid Filtration

Background
Completion fluids are specially formulated brine comprised of chlorides and bromides. Following well drilling, it is recirculated through the borehole to sweep away residual solids during completion activities that prepare the well for production.
Problem
The presence of solids and particles in completion fluids will reduce the cleaning effectiveness at the borehole. If unfiltered completion fluids are used, the formation supplying the oil or gas may be plugged with particles. Therefore, completion fluids must be filtered to protect the formation.
Solution
Completion fluid filtration generally adopt cartridge filters and scraper self cleaning filters with a filter rating ranging from 0.5 μm to 10 μm are recommended.

Completion fluid filtration & recycling diagram